EHIC vs GHIC: Key Differences

Why the distinction between EHIC and GHIC matters

Since the UK left the European Union, the way British travellers access healthcare in Europe has changed. The Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) was introduced to ensure that UK residents could continue to access emergency and necessary state-sponsored medical care. While the name has changed, the core function remains largely the same as the old European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). It is vital to check which card you hold before travelling to ensure it has not expired, as an invalid card could lead to significant out-of-pocket expenses if you fall ill abroad.

• The GHIC is the standard replacement for the EHIC for most UK residents.
• Existing EHICs remain valid until the expiry date printed on the card.
• Both cards are free to obtain through the official NHS website.
• They provide access to state-provided healthcare, not private clinics.
• The cards do not cover travel to every country in the world despite the 'Global' name.

What is covered by your health card

The GHIC and EHIC cover 'necessary healthcare'. This includes emergency treatment and visits to A&E, but it also extends to routine maternity care and the monitoring of pre-existing conditions. If you require ongoing treatment such as dialysis or chemotherapy, you can use your card to access these services in the EU, though you must often arrange the treatment with the local provider in advance of your trip. The goal is to allow you to continue your stay without having to return to the UK early for medical reasons.

• Emergency ward treatment and ambulance services.
• Treatment for chronic or pre-existing medical conditions.
• Routine medical oxygen and kidney dialysis (pre-booking required).
• Maternity care, provided you are not travelling specifically to give birth.
• Prescription charges at the same rate as a local resident.

What the GHIC and EHIC will not cover

It is a common misconception that a GHIC or EHIC provides the same level of protection as a private travel insurance policy. These cards only cover state-provided healthcare. If you are taken to a private hospital or clinic - which is common in many European holiday resorts - the card will not be accepted. Furthermore, the cards offer zero protection for non-medical issues such as theft, cancellation, or travel delays. Crucially, they do not cover the cost of being flown back to the UK (repatriation) in a medical emergency, which can cost tens of thousands of pounds.

• Private medical healthcare or staying in private hospital wings.
• Mountain rescue or helicopter evacuation from ski slopes.
• Medical repatriation back to the UK.
• Lost, stolen, or damaged personal belongings.
• Flight cancellations or trip interruptions.

Typical costs and pricing factors for travel insurance

While the GHIC is free, travel insurance is a paid product that complements it. Many insurers actually insist you have a GHIC and may waive your policy excess if you use the card to reduce the claim cost. For a typical one-week trip to Europe in 2026, basic travel insurance might cost between £10 and £25 for a healthy traveller. However, prices rise based on age, destination, and pre-existing medical conditions. If you have a serious health history, you may need a specialist policy which can cost significantly more, but provides the essential cover that a GHIC alone cannot offer.

Choosing cover for pre-existing conditions

When comparing EHIC vs GHIC and travel insurance, those with pre-existing conditions must be particularly careful. While a GHIC ensures you can get state treatment for your condition while abroad, it does not protect you if that condition causes you to cancel your trip before you leave. You must declare all medical conditions to your insurer. Failure to do so can void your entire policy, leaving you liable for repatriation costs. Specialist insurers are available for those with complex needs, and the MoneyHelper service provides a directory for those struggling to find affordable cover.

How to claim and provide evidence

To use your GHIC or EHIC, you must present the physical card (or a digital Provisional Replacement Certificate) at the point of treatment in a state-run facility. You should also keep all receipts and paperwork provided by the hospital. If you are asked to pay upfront, your travel insurer will usually require this documentation to process a claim for the remaining costs. If you lose your card or do not have it with you, you can apply for a Provisional Replacement Certificate (PRC) via the NHS Overseas Healthcare Services.

FCDO advice and regulatory context

The Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) strongly recommends that all UK travellers have both a valid GHIC (or EHIC) and comprehensive travel insurance. This advice is echoed by the Association of British Insurers (ABI) and the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), who regulate the sale of insurance products. The GHIC currently covers all 27 EU countries, plus Switzerland in many cases, but it does not cover the EEA countries of Norway, Iceland, or Liechtenstein for most UK citizens, making private insurance even more vital in those territories.

Practical checklist for UK travellers

Before heading to the airport, ensure you have completed these steps to protect your health and finances. A little preparation can prevent a minor medical issue from becoming a financial disaster. Remember that the GHIC is not a 'get out of jail free' card for all medical scenarios, but it is a vital piece of your travel kit.

• Check the expiry date on your current EHIC or GHIC.
• Apply for a new GHIC at least 2 weeks before travel via the NHS website.
• Purchase travel insurance that covers your specific medical history.
• Carry your card in your wallet or purse, not in your checked luggage.
• Keep the contact details for your insurance provider's 24-hour helpline.
• Download or print your insurance policy certificate.